Tech Note:

Procedure of grading

From Appendix Section 10, American National Standard Institute (ANSI) for Ceramic tile installation.

APPLICABLE INSPECTION PROCEDURE

Procedure for Determining Structural Defects in Flat Tile and Trim Units Flat Tile Stack 8 pieces of flat tile face to back. Turn the stack with one edge up on a table and straighten the stack so that no tile protrudes vertically or horizontally from the stack. Standing next to the table so that the eyes are approximately 2 feet from the tile, inspect the edges of the stack which are up, for cracks running in the direction of the length or thickness of the edges. Remove any tile which shows one or more of such defects. Turn the stack 90", repeat the inspection and continue turning the stack until all four edges have been inspected in this manner. Cracks emanating from the back and progressing in the direction of the face shall not be considered defects if they do not exceed in length, one-third of the thickness of the tile. Chips on the back of the tile shall not be considered defects unless they extend to the face of the tile.

Procedure for Inspecting Ceramic Tile for Facial Defects
Board Size 36" high x 48" long.
Inspection Board Support Angled board with top edge of tile array not above the level of the inspector's eyes.
The Array Two arrays of 40 pieces of 6"x 6" tiles arranged in 8 vertical columns, 5 tiles high.
Light Source Light source shall be in position one foot behind and one foot above the inspector.
Inspector's Position Draw a line l/4 inch wide on the floor at a distance of 36 inches from a vertical plane through the bottom edge of the inspection board. Inspector is to stand erect without leaning and having his feet positioned behind the line, but as close to the line as practical, and centered left to right in front of this board while viewing the tile array.
Viewing Time 60 seconds per tile array, or 6 seconds per square foot of tile array.
The Array Two arrays of 20 pieces 12 x 12 tiles arranged in 4 vertical columns, 5 tiles high.